Well after calling the DMV back after hearing information that I was only able to obtain through people who have experienced the same issue, I finally spoke with a decent human being.  This woman was actually awesome, very helpful.  She actually explained things, as well as provided options to fix this problem.

Here's the deal.  I never received a temporary license / extension because I renewed my license BEFORE it actually expired (the previous week).  I guess that's what I get for being on the ball and taking care of things on time.  All I need to do is go into the DMV and get an extension on my expired license and keep doing that until I am ready to complete the motorcycle license portion.  The DMV employee helped me reach this decision because she didn't want to see me have to re-start the motorcycle process by cancelling my existing permit (the whole reason behind this ordeal).  She was also the one who pointed out as to why I never received the extension / temporary license in the first place.

Now, I actually have an idea on what I am supposed to do.  I actually have a game plan.  The first lady I talked to didn't tell me anything at all, she just sat there silently and gave me incredibly rude replies anytime I would ask a question.  After going nowhere with the conversation, I basically told her off and hung up, remaining completely in the dark on the whole situation.  After speaking with the nice, helpful employee this time around, I know exactly what's going on.  I guess it all boils down to who you deal with since everyone is human.  I shouldn't say that I hate the DMV; I just absolutely hate the first lady I had deal with.  Oh well, at least I'm not driving around without a valid license anymore, and I still get to ride my Yamaha.
/end of my bitching rant.